Melampaui Dikotomi Akal dan Wahyu: Reaktualisasi Filsafat Ibn Rushd dalam Membangun Rasionalitas Keberagamaan Kontemporer
Beyond the Dichotomy of Reason and Revelation: Reactualizing Ibn Rushd’s Philosophy in Building Contemporary Religious Rationality
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v6i4.1570Keywords:
Ibn Rusyd, Akal dan Wahyu, Rasionalitas Keberagamaan, EpistemologiAbstract
Tujuan – Penelitian ini menganalisis relasi akal dan wahyu dalam filsafat Ibn Rushd serta merumuskan relevansinya bagi rasionalitas keberagamaan kontemporer, khususnya dalam menghadapi pembacaan agama yang dikotomis.
Desain/metodologi/pendekatan – Penelitian kualitatif berbasis studi kepustakaan ini menggunakan pendekatan filosofis-hermeneutis. Sumber primer meliputi Fasl al-Maqal dan Al-Kashf ‘an Manahij al-Adillah; sumber sekunder mencakup literatur ilmiah tentang epistemologi Ibn Rushd dan rasionalitas keagamaan. Data dianalisis melalui interpretasi tekstual, analisis konseptual atas penalaran demonstratif dan penafsiran wahyu, serta sintesis kritis mengenai otoritas pengetahuan agama.
Temuan – Analisis merumuskan tiga prinsip yang saling berkaitan: koherensi akal dan wahyu, legitimasi interpretasi rasional, dan tanggung jawab epistemik dalam memahami ajaran agama. Ketiganya menempatkan penalaran filosofis sebagai sarana pemahaman yang dapat berdialog dengan otoritas wahyu, bukan sebagai penggantinya. Kerangka ini menawarkan cara untuk menilai klaim keagamaan secara argumentatif sekaligus menyadari tanggung jawab dalam melakukan penafsiran.
Keterbatasan penelitian/implikasi – Kajian ini berfokus pada dua karya Ibn Rushd dan menghasilkan sintesis konseptual; penerapannya dalam praktik keberagamaan kontemporer belum diuji secara empiris. Secara teoretis, sintesis ini memperjelas hubungan antara otoritas wahyu dan kerja penalaran. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat membandingkannya dengan pemikir Muslim lain serta mengkaji penerimaannya dalam pendidikan dan diskusi keagamaan.
Implikasi praktis – Kerangka tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pembelajaran filsafat Islam dan dialog keagamaan untuk mendorong penalaran kritis, keterbukaan interpretatif, serta kehati-hatian dalam menyatakan kebenaran tafsir.
Orisinalitas/nilai – Berbeda dari pembahasan yang berhenti pada keselarasan akal dan wahyu, kajian ini menyusun epistemologi Ibn Rushd menjadi tiga prinsip analitis untuk membaca rasionalitas keberagamaan masa kini.
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