Paddy Waste Valorization Through Biochar Production: Enhancing Farmers' Willingness To Pay Based On Behavioral Treatment Effect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v6i2.1511Keywords:
Willingness to Pay, Biochar, Carbon Credits, Contingent Valuation, Rice Farmers, Framing Treatment EffectAbstract
Perubahan iklim telah memperparah degradasi tanah sawah, termasuk akumulasi besi fero (Fe²⁺), yang ditandai dengan air irigasi berwarna kuning kecokelatan di wilayah penelitian, dan secara langsung menekan hasil panen padi sebesar 15–30%. Biochar sebagai bahan pembenah tanah menawarkan potensi ganda dalam memitigasi toksisitas besi sekaligus berkontribusi pada penyerapan karbon, namun penilaian ekonomi petani terhadap teknologi ini masih belum banyak dieksplorasi. Akibatnya, penerapan biochar masih terbatas di kalangan petani padi skala kecil, meskipun potensinya sangat besar dalam meningkatkan kualitas tanah dan penyerapan karbon. Penelitian ini mengkaji kesediaan membayar (willingness to pay/WTP) petani padi skala kecil untuk adopsi biochar di Jawa Barat, Indonesia, menggunakan metode contingent valuation dengan format pilihan dikotomis batas ganda (double-bounded dichotomous choice). Melalui eksperimen efek pembingkaian informasi (information framing effect), 201 responden dibagi ke dalam tiga kelompok: kontrol, perlakuan informasi agronomi (T1), dan perlakuan informasi kredit karbon (T2), yang bertujuan untuk mengamati pengaruh perlakuan informasi terhadap WTP biochar di kalangan petani skala kecil. Estimasi dilakukan menggunakan regresi interval dengan robust standard error, yang divalidasi menggunakan ordered probit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan informasi secara signifikan meningkatkan WTP. Rata-rata WTP pada kelompok kontrol adalah sebesar Rp 103.994, meningkat menjadi Rp 220.502 pada perlakuan T1 dan Rp 316.034 pada perlakuan T2, yang dikonfirmasi oleh uji Wald bersama yang signifikan (χ²(2) = 14.78; p-value = 0.001). Faktor-faktor penentu utama WTP meliputi keikutsertaan dalam kelompok tani, jumlah anggota rumah tangga, kesadaran terhadap kredit karbon, dan pelatihan pertanian. Hasil ini menegaskan bahwa mengintegrasikan informasi manfaat agronomi dan kredit karbon ke dalam strategi diseminasi biochar sangat penting untuk mempercepat adopsi di kalangan petani skala kecil. Oleh karena itu, penerapan biochar di masa depan kepada petani skala kecil disarankan untuk menggabungkan kedua perlakuan informasi tersebut guna meningkatkan proses adopsi di kalangan petani skala kecil.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Syahlaa' Salsabila Putri Santoso, Aini Al Fatihaturrizqi, Reisa Sarah Rahmawati, Malfa Adliyah Gunawan, Raihan Fajar Destianto, Syifa Fitrianita, Chalisa Maula Putri Utomo, Bayu Rizky Pratama
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