Regulatory Impact Analysis (Ria) Of The Prohibition Of Medical Marijuana In Indonesia: A Perspective Of Responsive Legal Theory
Keywords:
Medical Cannabis, Regulatory Impact Analysis, Responsive Law, Policy Reconstruction, Right to HealthAbstract
This study analyzes the implications of Indonesia's prohibition on medical cannabis use for healthcare services through the instrument of Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA), and formulates an ideal policy reconstruction based on Nonet and Selznick's Responsive Law Theory. Although Article 28H of the 1945 Constitution guarantees the right to health and the Constitutional Court has mandated comprehensive scientific studies, Article 8(1) of the Narcotics Law and Health Ministry Regulation No. 15 of 2025 continue to classify cannabis as a Class I narcotic without medical exception. This normative legal research employs statute, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches, analyzed qualitatively-prescriptively through systematic and teleological interpretation. The RIA analysis reveals a significant cost-benefit imbalance: cannabis remains the most abused narcotic despite total prohibition, while patients with refractory epilepsy and cerebral palsy lose access to alternative therapy, as illustrated by the criminalization of Fidelis Arie Sudewarto and the death of Pika Sasikirana. Further findings show incoherence with the Health Law, the absence of stakeholder consultation, and the lack of a periodic evaluation mechanism, reflecting the characteristics of autonomous law. Drawing on Thailand's 2018–2025 regulatory transition, which demonstrates that strict control is more effective than total prohibition, this study proposes a five-pillar reconstruction model: tiered licensing, controlled distribution, dosage standardization, medical personnel training, and periodic evaluation. The study concludes that Indonesia's narcotics law must be revised toward a purposive, participatory, and substantively just legal character, without abandoning its social control function.
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