Penurunan Krom Total Limbah Elektroplating Dengan Karbon Aktif Kulit Kopi
Total Chrome Reduction of Electroplating Waste With Activated Carbon Coffee Skin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53866/jimi.v6i1.1211Keywords:
Karbon Aktif, Krom Total, Kulit Kopi, Limbah ElektroplatingAbstract
Industri elektroplating krom menghasilkan limbah cair yang mengandung berbagai logam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menurunkan Cr total limbah cair elektroplating dengan adsorpsi pada arang aktif kulit kopi robusta. Sampel limbah berasal dari air bilasan akhir industri elektroplating krom di daerah Sleman. Optimalisasi adsorben dilakukan secara batch terhadap konsentrasi aktivator karbon HCl (divariasi pada 1,0; 2,0; 3,0; 4,0 dan 5,0 M), ukuran butiran (20, 40, 60, 80 dan 100 mesh) dan berat adsorben (200, 400, 600, 800 dan 1000 mg). Proses adsorpsi kontinyu dilakukan dengan pipa akrilik diameter ¾ inci pada tinggi asorben 15 cm dan laju alir 5,7,9 mL/menit. Analisis konsentrasi krom total (Cr) dilakukan dengan spektrofotometer serapan atom (AAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar air arang aktif 8,3% dan kadar abu 2,4%. Sehingga memenuhi standar mutu karbon aktif teknis menurut SNI 06-3730-1995. Pengamatan secara batch menunjukkan, arang aktif memiliki kapasitas adsorpsi terhadap Cr paling efektif pada konsentrasi HCl 1 M, ukuran butiran 80 mesh dan berat 1000 mg dengan penurunan Cr sebesar 5,3 mg dan efisiensi adsorpsi 17,37%. Interaksi dalam sistem kontinyu/kolom memiliki kapasitas adsorpsi paling efektif pada variasi laju alir 5 mL/menit, dengan berat Cr total diserap 274,6 mg dan efisiensi penurunan 90,04%.
References
Adelia, A., Kosim, A. R., Utami, I., Pujiastuti, C., & Panjaitan, R. (2025). Reduction Of Ni2+ Concentrations In Electroplating Process Wastewater Using Chitosan-Active Carbon Adsorbent. Jurnal Teknik Kimia, 19(3), 84–97.
Ben Ali, M., Benzaouak, A., Tangarfa, M., Abrouki, Y., Belekbir, S., hazzat, M. EL, El Hamidi, A., & Abdelouahed, L. (2025). Multi-response optimization of the adsorption properties of activated carbon produced from H2SO4 activated sludge: Effects of washing with HCl. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 11(March), 101219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2025.101219
bps.go.id. (2024). Badan Pusat Statistik Bps-Indonesia Coffee Statistics. Bps.Go.Id, 8, 11–12.
Carneiro, A. de C. O., Zanuncio, A. J. V., Carvalho, A. G., Jorge, J. A. C. G., dos Santos, R. J. C., Demuner, I. F., Peres, L. C., Winter, S. G., de Castro, V. R., Branco-Vieira, M., & Araújo, S. de O. (2025). Sustainable Production of Coffee Husk Pellets: Applying Circular Economy in Waste Management and Renewable Energy Production. Resources, 14(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3390/resources14020026
Chala, B., Oechsner, H., Latif, S., & Müller, J. (2018). Biogas potential of coffee processing waste in Ethiopia. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(8), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082678
Chin, K. L., Lee, C. L., H’ng, P. S., Rashid, U., Paridah, M. T., Khoo, P. S., & Maminski, M. (2020). Refining Micropore Capacity of Activated Carbon Derived from Coconut Shell via Deashing Post-Treatment. In BioResources (Vol. 15, Issue 4, pp. 7749–7769). https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.4.7749-7769
Diamahesa, W. A., & Muahiddah, N. (2023). Potensi Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Ari Kopi (Coffee Husk) dalam perikanan (Review). Journal of Fish Nutrition, 3(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.29303/jfn.v3i1.2760
Gozdecki, C., Kociszewski, M., Moraczewski, K., Karasiewicz, T., Łazarska, M., & Stepczyńska, M. (2025). Green Composite Based on a Polymer Mixture Containing Biopolymer and Waste Coffee Husks. Polymers, 17(13). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17131748
Hai, A., Daud, W. M. A. W., Patah, M. F. A., Bharath, G., AlMohamadi, H., Tang, D. Y. Y., Show, P. L., & Banat, F. (2025). A comprehensive insight on activated carbon production from agricultural biomass: Parametric analysis, challenges, future recommendations & machine learning modelling. Resources, Conservation and Recycling Advances, 27(August), 200284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcradv.2025.200284
Hangzhou, N. T. C. . L. (2022). Effect Of Ash Content On Activated Carbon. 1–4. https://www.naturecarbon.com/about-us
Hassan, M., Liu, Y., Naidu, R., Du, J., Qi, F., Donne, S. W., & Islam, M. M. (2021). Mesoporous Biopolymer Architecture Enhanced the Adsorption and Selectivity of Aqueous Heavy-Metal Ions. ACS Omega, 6(23), 15316–15331. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c01642
He, F., Zhang, J., Liu, A., & Zhu, G. (2023). Influence of humidity on adsorption performance of activated carbon. E3S Web of Conferences, 416. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341601001
Hidayat, E., Afriliana, A., Gusmini, Taiza, M., & Harada, H. (2020). International Journal of Food , Agriculture , and Natural Resources Evaluate of Coffee Husk Compost. International Journal of Food, Agriculture, and Natural Resources, 1(1), 37–43.
Ikhsan, M. F. N. (2026). Industri Elektroplating Cemari Teluk Semarang. Semarang.Bisnis.Com. https://semarang.bisnis.com/read/20250113/536/1831319/industri-elektroplating-cemari-teluk-semarang? Diakses 6 Januari 2026
Jauharoh, A. H., Nurmiyanto, A., & Yulianto, A. (2020). Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Pada Kegiatan Pelapisan Logam (Elektroplating) Skala Kecil Dan Menengah (Ikm X) Di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Lingkungan, 12, 25–44
Lisani, Indriyani, & Irawati, N. (2023). Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Kopi Arabika (Coffea Arabika L.) Menjadi Biobriket Utilization. Jurnal Agroindustri Pangan I, 53(1), 1–19.
Moersidik, S. S., Nugroho, R., Handayani, M., Kamilawati, & Pratama, M. A. (2020). Optimization and reaction kinetics on the removal of Nickel and COD from wastewater from electroplating industry using Electrocoagulation and Advanced Oxidation Processes. Heliyon, 6(2), e03319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03319
Napitupulu, R., Rusmarini, U. K., & Hartati, R. M. (2023). Pemberian Kompos Kulit Kopi pada Beberapa Komposisi Media Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai Merah. Agritech : Jurnal Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, 25(1), 121. https://jurnalnasional.ump.ac.id/index.php/AGRITECH/article/view/17116
Nguyen, D. Van, Duong, C. T. T., Vu, C. N. M., Nguyen, H. M., Pham, T. T., Tran-Thuy, T. M., & Nguyen, L. Q. (2023). Data on chemical composition of coffee husks and lignin microparticles as their extracted product. Data in Brief, 51, 109781. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.109781
Pet, I., Sanad, M. N., Farouz, M., ElFaham, M. M., El-Hussein, A., El-sadek, M. S. A., Althobiti, R. A., & Ioanid, A. (2024). Review: Recent Developments in the Implementation of Activated Carbon as Heavy Metal Removal Management. Water Conservation Science and Engineering, 9(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41101-024-00287-3
Putri, S. A., Hanavia, M. S., Chrisnandari, R. D., & Ningsih, W. (2024). Adsorben Tembaga Dan Besi Pada Limbah Cair. 10(9), 798–811
Samsurizal. (2023). Seminar Nasional TREnD Pemanfaatan Pengolahan Limbah Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Sumber Alternatif. TREnD-Technology of Renewable Energy and Development, 1–11.
Saraswati, D. H., Murti, S. H., & Adji, T. N. (2019). Kajian Kerusakan Lingkungan Perairan Airtanah Akibat Pembuangan Limbah Industri Elektroplating ( Penyepuhan Logam Perak ) Study of Environmental Damage of ( Silver Metal Coating ). http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/173482
Saskia, S. A. D., Alfrinda, S., & Nadir, M. (2025). Pada Aktivasi Karbon Aktif Dari Ampas Teh. Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vokasional, 5(1), 10–17. https://doi.org/10.46964/jimsi.v5i1.1316
Sitohang, A., Daniela, C., Maruba, P., Telaumbanua, A., & Sitohang, A. y. (2024). Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Ari Kopi (Spermodem) Untuk Mengurangi Penggunaan Tepung Terigu Dalam Pembuatan Bolu. Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pangan Dan Hasil Pertanian (RETIPA), 4(Pemanfaatan Ikan Belut Sawah (Monopterus albus) sebagai Sediaan Bahan Pangan Konsentrat Protein Ikan), 85–91. https://ejournal.ust.ac.id/index.php/retipa/article/view/3817/2905
Sutiyoso, M. M., Faradila, R., & Tantalu, L. (2025). Karakteristik Fisikokimia Biochar Ampas Kopi dengan Perbedaan Perlakuan Suhu dan Waktu Pirolisis. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Pertanian, 10(2), 43–50.
Trihandani, 2026, Kopi Pilar Penting Ekspor Indoesia, https://goodstats.id/article/kopi-pilar-penting-ekspor-indonesia-hIzF9? Diakses 6 Januari 2026
Wahyullah, Oka Dwi Putra, & Ismail. (2018). Pemanfaatan Biomassa Tumbuhan Menjadi Biopellet sebagai Alternatif Energi Terbarukan. Hasanuddin Student Journal, 2(1), 239–247. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/230431358.pdf
Worku, Z., Tibebu, S., Nure, J. F., Tibebu, S., Moyo, W., Ambaye, A. D., & Nkambule, T. T. I. (2023). Adsorption of chromium from electroplating wastewater using activated carbon developed from water hyacinth. BMC Chemistry, 17(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13065-023-00993-4
Yang, J., Fu, L., Wu, F., Chen, X., Wu, C., & Wang, Q. (2022). Recent Developments in Activated Carbon Catalysts Based on Pore Size Regulation in the Application of Catalytic Ozonation. Catalysts, 12(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12101085
Zafar, S., & Consult, B. (2026). Biomass Energi in Indonesia. https://www.bioenergyconsult.com/biomass-energy-resources-in-indonesia/? Diakses 6 Januari 2026
Zhang, Y., Ghaly, A. E., & Li, B. (2012). Availability and physical properties of residues from major agricultural crops for energy conversion through thermochemical processes. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 7(3), 312–321. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajabssp.2012.312.321.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Aldi Mardiansyah, Sri Sunarsih, Suparni S Rahayu
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
